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basic    音标拼音: [b'esɪk]
n. 基本,要素,基础
a. 基本的,碱性的
n. 计算机基本高级语言

基本,要素,基础基本的,硷性的计算机基本高级语言

BASIC
培基语言

basic
基本

basic
adj 1: pertaining to or constituting a base or basis; "a basic
fact"; "the basic ingredients"; "basic changes in public
opinion occur because of changes in priorities" [ant:
{incident}, {incidental}]
2: reduced to the simplest and most significant form possible
without loss of generality; "a basic story line"; "a
canonical syllable pattern" [synonym: {basic}, {canonic},
{canonical}]
3: serving as a base or starting point; "a basic course in
Russian"; "basic training for raw recruits"; "a set of basic
tools"; "an introductory art course" [synonym: {basic},
{introductory}]
4: of or denoting or of the nature of or containing a base
n 1: a popular programming language that is relatively easy to
learn; an acronym for beginner's all-purpose symbolic
instruction code; no longer in general use
2: (usually plural) a necessary commodity for which demand is
constant [synonym: {basic}, {staple}]

Basic \Ba"sic\, a.
1. (Chem.)
(a) Relating to a base; performing the office of a base in
a salt.
(b) Having the base in excess, or the amount of the base
atomically greater than that of the acid, or exceeding
in proportion that of the related neutral salt.
(c) Apparently alkaline, as certain normal salts which
exhibit alkaline reactions with test paper.
[1913 Webster]

2. (Min.) Said of crystalline rocks which contain a
relatively low percentage of silica, as basalt.
[1913 Webster]

{Basic salt} (Chem.), a salt formed from a base or hydroxide
by the partial replacement of its hydrogen by a negative
or acid element or radical.
[1913 Webster]


BASIC \BASIC\ n.
1. (Computers) [Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Iruction C.]
an artificial computer language with a relatively
simplified instruction set.

Note: Writing a program in BASIC or other higher computer
languages is simpler than writing in assembly language.
See also {programming language}, {FORTRAN}.
[PJC]


higher programming language \higher programming language\ n.
(Computers)
A computer programming language with an instruction set
allowing one instruction to code for several assembly
language instructions.

Note: The aggregation of several assembly-language
instructions into one instruction allows much greater
efficiency in writing computer programs. Most programs
are now written in some higher programming language,
such as {BASIC}, {FORTRAN}, {COBOL}, {C}, {C},
{PROLOG}, or {JAVA}.
[PJC]

106 Moby Thesaurus words for "basic":
ab ovo, aboriginal, acid, alkali, austere, bare, basal, basilar,
bedrock, biochemical, bottom, capital, central, chaste, chemical,
chemicobiological, chemicoengineering, chemicomineralogical,
chemicophysical, chemurgic, chief, constituent, constitutive,
copolymeric, copolymerous, crucial, dimeric, dimerous,
electrochemical, element, elemental, elementary, embryonic,
essential, focal, foundational, fundamental, generative, genetic,
germinal, gut, heteromerous, homely, homespun, homogeneous,
in embryo, in ovo, indispensable, indivisible, irreducible,
isomerous, key, life-and-death, life-or-death, macrochemical, main,
material, mere, metameric, monolithic, monomerous, nonacid,
of a piece, of the essence, of vital importance, original,
part and parcel, photochemical, physicochemical, phytochemical,
plain, polymeric, pregnant, primal, primary, prime, primeval,
primitive, primordial, principal, pristine, protogenic, pure,
pure and simple, radical, radiochemical, root, rudiment,
rudimentary, seminal, severe, simon-pure, simple, single, spare,
stark, substantial, substantive, thermochemical, unadorned,
uncluttered, underlying, undifferenced, undifferentiated, uniform,
vital

Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code.
A simple language originally designed for ease of programming
by students and beginners. Many dialects exist, and BASIC is
popular on {microcomputers} with sound and graphics support.
Most micro versions are {interactive} and {interpreted}.

BASIC has become the leading cause of brain-damage in
proto-hackers. This is another case (like {Pascal}) of the
cascading lossage that happens when a language deliberately
designed as an educational toy gets taken too seriously. A
novice can write short BASIC programs (on the order of 10-20
lines) very easily; writing anything longer is painful and
encourages bad habits that will make it harder to use more
powerful languages. This wouldn't be so bad if historical
accidents hadn't made BASIC so common on low-end micros. As
it is, it ruins thousands of potential wizards a year.

Originally, all references to code, both {GOTO} and GOSUB
(subroutine call) referred to the destination by its line
number. This allowed for very simple editing in the days
before {text editors} were considered essential. Just typing
the line number deleted the line and to edit a line you just
typed the new line with the same number. Programs were
typically numbered in steps of ten to allow for insertions.
Later versions, such as {BASIC V}, allow {GOTO}-less
{structured programming} with named {procedures} and
{functions}, IF-THEN-ELSE-ENDIF constructs and {WHILE} loops
etc.

Early BASICs had no graphic operations except with graphic
characters. In the 1970s BASIC {interpreters} became standard
features in {mainframes} and {minicomputers}. Some versions
included {matrix} operations as language {primitives}.

A {public domain} {interpreter} for a mixture of {DEC}'s
{MU-Basic} and {Microsoft Basic} is {here
(ftp://oak.oakland.edu/pub/Unix-c/languages/basic/basic.tar-z)}.
A {yacc} {parser} and {interpreter} were in the
comp.sources.unix archives volume 2.

See also {ANSI Minimal BASIC}, {bournebasic}, {bwBASIC},
{ubasic}, {Visual Basic}.

[{Jargon File}]

(1995-03-15)

Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code

BASIC: /bay'·sic/, n. A programming language, originally designed for Dartmouth's
experimental timesharing system in the early 1960s, which for many years
was the leading cause of brain damage in proto-hackers. Edsger W. Dijkstra
observed in Selected Writings on Computing: A Personal
Perspective that “It is practically impossible to teach
good programming style to students that have had prior exposure to BASIC:
as potential programmers they are mentally mutilated beyond hope of
regeneration.” This is another case (like
Pascal) of the cascading
lossage that happens when a language deliberately
designed as an educational toy gets taken too seriously. A novice can
write short BASIC programs (on the order of 10-20 lines) very easily;
writing anything longer (a) is very painful, and (b) encourages bad habits
that will make it harder to use more powerful languages well. This
wouldn't be so bad if historical accidents hadn't made BASIC so common on
low-end micros in the 1980s. As it is, it probably ruined tens of
thousands of potential wizards.

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