|
logic 音标拼音: [l'ɑdʒɪk] n. U逻辑,逻辑学;逻辑性,条理性;推理;必然的联系 U逻辑,逻辑学;逻辑性,条理性;推理;必然的联系 logic逻辑
logic"或非"逻辑 logic逻辑 logic n 1: the branch of philosophy that analyzes inference 2: reasoned and reasonable judgment; " it made a certain kind of logic" 3: the principles that guide reasoning within a given field or situation; " economic logic requires it"; " by the logic of war" 4: the system of operations performed by a computer that underlies the machine' s representation of logical operations 5: a system of reasoning [ synonym: { logic}, { logical system}, { system of logic}] Logic \ Log" ic\, n. [ OE. logike, F. logique, L. logica, logice, Gr. logikh` ( sc. te` chnh), fr. logiko` s belonging to speaking or reason, fr. lo` gos speech, reason, le` gein to say, speak. See { Legend}.] 1. The science or art of exact reasoning, or of pure and formal thought, or of the laws according to which the processes of pure thinking should be conducted; the science of the formation and application of general notions; the science of generalization, judgment, classification, reasoning, and systematic arrangement; the science of correct reasoning. [ 1913 Webster] Logic is the science of the laws of thought, as thought; that is, of the necessary conditions to which thought, considered in itself, is subject. -- Sir W. Hamilton. [ 1913 Webster] Note: Logic is distinguished as pure and applied. " Pure logic is a science of the form, or of the formal laws, of thinking, and not of the matter. Applied logic teaches the application of the forms of thinking to those objects about which men do think." -- Abp. Thomson. [ 1913 Webster] 2. A treatise on logic; as, Mill' s Logic. [ 1913 Webster] 3. correct reasoning; as, I can' t see any logic in his argument; also, sound judgment; as, the logic of surrender was uncontestable. [ PJC] 4. The path of reasoning used in any specific argument; as, his logic was irrefutable. [ PJC] 5. ( Electronics, Computers) A function of an electrical circuit ( called a gate) that mimics certain elementary binary logical operations on electrical signals, such as AND, OR, or NOT; as, a logic circuit; the arithmetic and logic unit. [ PJC] 72 Moby Thesaurus words for " logic": Aristotelian logic, Boolean algebra, Ramistic logic, admissibility, aesthetics, algebra of classes, algebra of relations, axiology, casuistry, common sense, cosmology, deduction, dialectic, dialectics, doctrine of inference, doctrine of terms, epistemological logic, epistemology, ethics, experimental logic, first philosophy, formal logic, gnosiology, good sense, intelligence, judiciousness, justifiability, justness, logicality, logicalness, logics, logistic, material logic, mathematical logic, mental philosophy, metaphysics, moral philosophy, ontology, phenomenology, philosophastry, philosophic doctrine, philosophic system, philosophic theory, philosophical inquiry, philosophical speculation, philosophy, plausibility, practicality, presence of mind, propositional calculus, psychological logic, psychologism, ratiocination, rationality, reason, reasonability, reasonableness, reasoning, school of philosophy, school of thought, science of being, sense, sensibleness, set theory, sophistry, sound sense, soundness, sweet reason, theory of beauty, theory of knowledge, value theory, wisdom1. A branch of philosophy and mathematics
that deals with the formal principles, methods and criteria of
validity of {inference}, reasoning and {knowledge}.
Logic is concerned with what is true and how we can know
whether something is true. This involves the formalisation of
logical arguments and {proofs} in terms of symbols
representing {propositions} and {logical connectives}. The
meanings of these logical connectives are expressed by a set
of rules which are assumed to be self-evident.
{Boolean algebra} deals with the basic operations of truth
values: AND, OR, NOT and combinations thereof. {Predicate
logic} extends this with existential and universal
{quantifiers} and symbols standing for {predicates} which may
depend on variables. The rules of {natural deduction}
describe how we may proceed from valid premises to valid
conclusions, where the premises and conclusions are
expressions in {predicate logic}.
Symbolic logic uses a {meta-language} concerned with truth,
which may or may not have a corresponding expression in the
world of objects called existance. In symbolic logic,
arguments and {proofs} are made in terms of symbols
representing {propositions} and {logical connectives}. The
meanings of these begin with a set of rules or {primitives}
which are assumed to be self-evident. Fortunately, even from
vague primitives, functions can be defined with precise
meaning.
{Boolean logic} deals with the basic operations of {truth
values}: AND, OR, NOT and combinations thereof. {Predicate
logic} extends this with {existential quantifiers} and
{universal quantifiers} which introduce {bound variables}
ranging over {finite} sets; the {predicate} itself takes on
only the values true and false. Deduction describes how we
may proceed from valid {premises} to valid conclusions, where
these are expressions in {predicate logic}.
Carnap used the phrase "rational reconstruction" to describe
the logical analysis of thought. Thus logic is less concerned
with how thought does proceed, which is considered the realm
of psychology, and more with how it should proceed to discover
truth. It is the touchstone of the results of thinking, but
neither its regulator nor a motive for its practice.
See also fuzzy logic, logic programming, arithmetic and logic unit,
first-order logic,
See also {Boolean logic}, {fuzzy logic}, {logic programming},
{first-order logic}, {logic bomb}, {combinatory logic},
{higher-order logic}, {intuitionistic logic}, {equational
logic}, {modal logic}, {linear logic}, {paradox}.
2. {Boolean} logic circuits.
See also {arithmetic and logic unit}, {asynchronous logic},
{TTL}.
(1995-03-17)
|
安装中文字典英文字典查询工具!
中文字典英文字典工具:
英文字典中文字典相关资料:
|